On 17 March 1861 in Turin is proclaimed the national unity and the city became the first capital of Italy.
Vittorio Emanuele II of Savoy (Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso di Savoia, Turin, March 14, 1820 - Rome, January 9 1878) was the last king of Sardinia (1849 to 1861) and the first king of Italy (1861 to 1878). He was assisted by Prime Minister Count Camillo Benso di Cavour, in fact, brought to completion the Risorgimento and the process Italian unification, earning the nickname "Father of the Nation."
Giuseppe Garibaldi (Nice, July 4, 1807 - Island of Caprera, June 2, 1882) was a general, Italian patriot and leader. Also known under the title of Hero of Two Worlds for his military exploits performed both in Europe and in South America, is the most important figure of the Renaissance and one of the most famous Italian historical figures in the world.
Garibaldi in early May of '60 passed to the action with its thousands of volunteers.
Departing from Genoa, after a brief stop in the port of Telamon, where a small column left Garibaldi to march directly to Rome, the expedition reached the sea to western Sicily May 11 landed at Marsala . Garibaldi, marched towards the interior with its Mille, who held the now legendary red shirt, reinforced by "picciotti" that the young farmers and laborers who were hoping for an agrarian reform that once and for all eliminate many abuses and injustices.
Following the enthusiasm of farmers who sought to take possession of public lands, by the same promises Garibaldi, Garibaldi and was disappointed that politicians of the left Garibaldi and Mazzini wished the military success of the expedition. Between the end of June and July, the General, for the success of the expedition, began to forge relationships with large landowners who, because they do not change anything for them, they were willing to adopt attitudes favorable to liberals and the House of Savoy. ;
Beaten the Bourbons in the difficult battle of Calatafimi, May 15 Garibaldi occupied Palermo in July and still beat the royal troops in Milazzo, while the king of Naples tried desperately to stop him, conceding a late and entrust the government to Liborio Romano. A vain hope, and a misplaced confidence: the Roman, in agreement with Cavour in Naples tried to provoke a wave of moderate royalists, in order to precede the release of Garibaldi in Naples. Meanwhile Garibaldi, passed the Straits of Messina and Calabria went up freely while the army Bourbon and undid entered Naples on September 7, Francis II took refuge in Gaeta then, still protected by a portion of his army, despite the "Betrayal" of much of officialdom. The meeting of 26 October, Tean, between Garibaldi and Vittorio Emanuele ending the expedition of Garibaldi and the Savoy dynasty assured that the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. 
Camillo Paolo Filippo Giulio Benso, noble the Marquis of Cavour, Count of Cellarengo and Isolabella, known simply as Count or di Cavour Cavour (Turin, August 10, 1810 - Turin, June 6, 1861) was an Italian patriot and politician.
He was minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1850 to 1852, head of government from 1852 to 1859 and from 1860 to 1861. The same 1861, with the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy, became the first prime minister of the new state and died in that office.
Fu hero of the Risorgimento as a supporter of liberal ideas of civil and economic progress, of anti-, national movements and the expansion of the Kingdom of Sardinia against Austria and the Papal States.
In economics, promoted free trade, the large industrial investment (Especially in the railway) and the cooperation between public and private sectors. In politics he supported the enactment and defense of the Albertine Statute. Head of the moderate right, signed an agreement (Marriage) with the Left of Urban Rattazzi, aimed at designing reforms that exclude the extreme wings of the Parliament.
clearly violates the republican ideas of Giuseppe Mazzini and often found himself in a collision with Giuseppe Garibaldi of action which he feared the revolutionary potential. In foreign policy, skillfully cultivated the friendship with France by which he obtained the territorial expansion of Piedmont in northern Italy and Tuscany.
Though he had a prearranged plan of national unity was able to successfully handle the events that led to the formation of the Kingdom of Italy.
Giuseppe Mazzini (Genoa, June 22, 1805 - Pisa, March 10, 1872) was a patriot, Italian philosopher and politician.
His ideas and his political action contributed significantly to the emergence of the unified Italian state, the adverse judgments in various courts of Italy forced him But the fugitive until his death. Mazzini's theories were of great importance in defining the modern European movement for the affirmation of democracy through the republican form of the state.
His revolutionary activity forced him to flee to France in Marseille, where he organized a new political movement NE1 1831 chiamatoGiovine Italy whose program was published in a periodical to which he was given the same name. The goal of this organization was to transform Italy into a united democratic republic, according to the principles of freedom, independence and unity, displacing the previous governments of pre-unification states. Young Italy was one of the key moments in the Italian Risorgimento.
Giuseppe Verdi is' a patriot convinced, is a supporter of the Risorgimento (it seems that during the Austrian occupation of the words "Viva VERDI" is read as "Viva Vittorio Emanuele Re D 'Italy'). The country wants it, almost by force, a member of the first parliament of the Kingdom of Italy was elected as Member of the College of Borgo San Donnino, Bicester and the current, then a senator for life since 1874. In other words, he represents for many Italians the sum of all those symbols that have guided the unification national against foreign oppression. Verdi died in Milan in an apartment where he used to stay since 1872 at the Grand Hotel et de Milan at 2:50 January 27, 1901, to 87 years. He had come in the Lombard city to spend the winter, as did a long time. Taken ill, died after six days of agony. The master left instructions for his funeral: they should have been carried out at dawn or dusk, without pomp or music. He wanted simple funeral, as had always been his simple life. The composer's last wishes were respected, but not less than one hundred thousand people followed the coffin in silence. In the days before the death of Verdi, Via Manzoni and surrounding streets were strewn with straw that the trampling of horses and the sound of coaches do not disturb the rest.
One of the choruses of Nabucco, the famous Va pensiero ended up becoming a kind of painful song or hymn against the occupying Austrian spreading rapidly in Lombardy and in the rest of Italy.
One of the choruses of Nabucco, the famous Va pensiero ended up becoming a kind of painful song or hymn against the occupying Austrian spreading rapidly in Lombardy and in the rest of Italy.
Headline acts of government in the name of the king
Viva l 'Italy
